Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 6–16

Abstract: In this article, the author argues that neither post-war Poland (nor any historical Poland) was ever secular in the social sense. It also has not been secular in the political sense, despite the different formal declarations of the PRL’s authorities and the declaration of the separation of Church and state in the new Poland after 1989. The Polish state has remained entangled with its Church. The key word here is “its” because, as the author points out, it is not simply an entanglement with “the Church” or “Catholicism,” but a specifically Polish kind of relationship with its own understanding of ecclesiasticism. The article presents three forms of this entanglement: the Polish variety of ecclesiastical usurpation, the Polish variety of cultural Catholicism, and the Polish variety of state religion. Keywords: Poland, secularism, Church, usurpation, cultural Catholicism, state, religion, entanglement

Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 17–31

Abstract: This text analyzes Jan Józef Lipski’s political strategy in the June 1989 elections. Drawing on literature and archival materials, the author shows how Lipski – a declared socialist and agnostic –sought public support and manifested his commitment to the Church and Christian values, and that he opposed abortion. The author examines Lipski’s strategy as an example of the formation of the hegemonic discourse of Polish non-secular democracy, proving that the “abortion compromise” had already been concluded in June ’89. Keywords: abortion, democracy, transformation, socialism, Church, June ’89, discourse, censorship

Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 32–42

Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 43–54

Abstract: In March 2021, the court acquitted three activists who had been charged with offending religious feelings under Article 196 of the Penal Code for hanging posters in the streets with an image of the Black Madonna of Częstochowa with a rainbow halo. The court referred to a number of religious arguments in its oral reasoning, which – as some commentators have noted – makes the secular verdict similar to a religious sermon and could pose a threat to freedom of expression in the future. However, it seems difficult to blame the courts for this situation. The current axiological assumptions of the Polish legal system and the nature of specific regulations, such as Article 196 of the Criminal Code, force the courts to mix the legal-secular and religious orders. In order to change this, it would be necessary for the legislature to intervene both at the level of ordinary laws and the Basic Law. Keywords: offending religious feelings, democracy, Rainbow Madonna, separation of Church and state

Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 55–67

Abstract: In the second decade of the 21st century, more than a dozen books have been published on the scandalous and criminal entanglements of the Catholic Church in Poland. These texts are noncathartic (Sianne Ngai’s term). Action is blocked or suspended as the disclosure of victims’ testimonies brings a sense of emotional entanglements that cannot be worked through. Tracing these ambivalent affects, the author explores their regulation – the existing and potential social bonds. She is interested in the role of religion and the Church in the lives of the protagonists of the reportage, the attitude of the collective (society) to the victims and to the institution of the Church, the role of the state and the question of the legal system, and the basis of another, potential social contract. Keywords: reportage, contemporary Polish literature, affects, law and literature, law in literature, social contract, Catholic Church, Sianne Ngai

Dział: Prawa i uczucia religijne

Zakres stron: 68–76

Dział: Poznańska Nagroda Literacka

Zakres stron: 78–86

Dział: Poezja

Zakres stron: 88–92

Dział: Poezja

Zakres stron: 92–95

Dział: Kolonialne uwiedzenia – współczesne podróże

Zakres stron: 98–107

Abstract: In this article, the author poses questions about how contemporary travel relates to the origins of tourism and migration in colonial times, and under what mobility regimes it is embedded in the postcolonial world. Who has the right and opportunity to be mobile, for what purpose and to what destination, and whose mobility is unwanted and restricted? How are being a tourist, migrant and refugee evaluated differently on a moral level? In her reflections, the author refers to her own field research in India, her body of work in mobility studies, an anthropological critique of sedentarist optics, the anthropology of colonial heritage, and the postcolonial perspective. Keywords: mobility regimes, colonialism, tourism, migration, refugees, anthropology of colonial heritage, postcolonial perspective, India

Dział: Kolonialne uwiedzenia – współczesne podróże

Zakres stron: 108–119

Abstract: A puzzling phenomenon can be observed in the travel writing from the PRL era. Despite the ideological slant of the texts produced at the time, there was a margin for the cultivation of traditional colonial narratives. This is noticeable at different levels of constructing the presented world. The present article demonstrates this phenomenon by analyzing two books: Indyjskie wędrówki [Indian Wanderings] by Jerzy Ros (first published in the 1950s), and 25 tysięcy kilometrów przez Indie [25,000 kilometers through India] by Janina Woźnicka and Andrzej Ryttel (from the 1980s). The motifs and themes associated with the colonial, imperial or Western arena are marked in them with a varying degree of appeal and in different ways. Narrative games are also played with the semi-peripheral identity of the “Pole abroad,” which points to a broader set of ideas about locating the identity of Poles while traveling (in real terms or only potentially, in their imagination) in the geopolitical orders of the world. Mary Louise Pratt’s category of the imperial eyes is used in the analysis. Keywords: imperial eyes, travel writing of the PRL, travel to India

Dział: Kolonialne uwiedzenia – współczesne podróże

Zakres stron: 120–131

Abstract: The author analyzes the travels of pro-refugee activists to the Balkan Peninsula during the refugee crisis. In 2015 and 2016, new points of intersection emerged between the trajectories of people from the global South and the global North. Using decolonial theory, the author indicates that at these points, forms of solidarity based on mutual benefit emerged. On the one hand, activists satisfied their need to respond to dramatic media reports, while on the other, refugees received the support necessary to continue their journeys. Although sometimes these encounters were marred by unequal power relations or mutual misconceptions, they contributed to undermining the European refugee regime. Keywords: activism, refugees, Balkans, de-colonialism, self-realization

Dział: Kolonialne uwiedzenia – współczesne podróże

Zakres stron: 132–151

Abstract: What is the agency of grassroots activists supporting people with refugee and migration experiences? Answering this question in an era of migration, epidemic and climate crises requires a new paradigm, which would use tools other than those that caused them: capitalism, colonialism and the nation-state. This new paradigm is hidden in the collaborative practices and journeys of individuals forming grassroots initiatives, informal collectives and groups, and community organizations working on behalf of refugees. The new framing of agency refers to a relational perspective in which individuals are not independent and autonomous individuals, but are situated in multiple social relationships. Keywords: agency, collaborative agency, activism, grassroots pro-refugee movements, violence, kinopolitics, refugees

Dział: Esej

Zakres stron: 153–172

Dział: Esej

Zakres stron: 173–187

Abstract: The analysis of two works by Andrzej Bobkowski – the short story Pożegnanie [Farewell] and the essay List [Letter] – problematizes the way the friendship between the narrator and the main character of the text is presented, assuming that the prototype of the protagonist is the writer Wilhelm Mach. The relationship between the men is described through the prism of urban space. The practices of looking and creating the image of a friend that are present in prose texts are carefully traced. The dispute over the communist system in Poland, which becomes the reason for the parting of friends, is interpreted here as an impossible conversation due to the social inequalities that exist between the debaters. Keywords: Wilhelm Mach, Andrzej Bobkowski, prose of the 1940s, literature of the reckoning of the intelligentsia, dislocation, class inequality

Dział: Na warsztacie: monumentalne biografie

Zakres stron: 189–200

Abstract: This article considers the ethical dimension of biographical writing and the mechanisms of poeticization of narratives about other people’s lives. The following biographies are interpreted: Sontag. Her Life and Work by Benjamin Moser, and Stanisław Lem. Wypędzony z Wysokiego Zamku [Stanisław Lem. Banished from the High Castle] by Agnieszka Gajewska. The authors’ biographical practices, inscribed in the network of relations in the auto/biographical field, are analyzed. The issues of poetics and ethics of reception strategies, critical reception and publishing conditions are also addressed. Keywords: biographical literature, ethical writing, auto/biographical poetics, self-creation, de-masking, reception strategies

Dział: Na warsztacie: monumentalne biografie

Zakres stron: 201–209

Abstract: The author compares the biographies of Stanisław Lem by Agnieszka Gajewska and of Susan Sontag by Benjamin Moser. Despite the many differences between the two texts, their authors essentially perform a similar procedure of ideological re-appropriation of the characters described. The text points out several important reshuffles and omissions, which, combined, appear to contradict the basic aspirations of Lem and Sontag. Keywords: Stanisław Lem, Susan Sontag, biography, ideology

Dział: Felieton

Zakres stron: 211–214

Dział: Felieton

Zakres stron: 215–220

Dział: Felieton

Zakres stron: 221–224

Dział: Wspomnienie

Zakres stron: 231