This article is devoted to Maria Dębińska’s book Transpłciowość w Polsce. Wytwarzanie kategorii [Transgender in Poland. Production of a Category]. The author reconstructs the argumentation presented in the book and then subjects it to a critical analysis. Her goal is, firstly, to bring out the most inspiring elements of Dębińska’s work, and secondly, to point out important questions that have been left unanswered. Keywords: transgender, ethnography of a category, Maria Dębińska